Computer History - November

Software glitch halts Tokyo Stock Exchange trading for hours

A system upgrade error halted trading on the Tokyo Stock Exchange until 1:30 p.m., the exchange''s most serious outage since 1999.

November 01, 2005
IBM initiates ''Stretch'' supercomputer planning memos

Internal ''Stretch Memos'' outlined architecture goals for IBM''s ambitious supercomputer project that would inform future large systems.

November 01, 1955
Morris worm spreads across the early Internet

A self-replicating program rapidly infected thousands of UNIX systems, prompting new cybersecurity practices and the first US-CERT formation.

November 02, 1988
George Boole born, pioneer of Boolean algebra

George Boole, whose algebra underpins modern digital logic, was born in Lincoln, England.

November 02, 1815
Howard Aiken approaches IBM about an automatic calculator

Harvard''s Howard Aiken sought IBM support to build the electromechanical calculator that became the Harvard Mark I.

November 03, 1937
Sputnik 2 launches with onboard telemetry computing

The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, advancing onboard telemetry and data-processing for spaceflight.

November 03, 1957
CBS uses UNIVAC to project U.S. election results on live TV

CBS used a UNIVAC to analyze returns in the Eisenhower-Stevenson race, demonstrating electronic data processing on television.

November 04, 1952
First Internet worm indictment filed (United States v. Morris)

Following the Morris worm, federal authorities pursued one of the earliest computer-crime prosecutions under the CFAA.

November 04, 1988
Open Handset Alliance announces Android mobile platform

A consortium led by Google unveiled Android as an open platform for mobile devices to accelerate innovation.

November 05, 2007
Netcraft counts over 100 million websites worldwide

Netcraft''s industry survey reported more than 100 million sites, reflecting explosive growth in hosting and blogs.

November 05, 2006
Microsoft signs pact to provide IBM PC operating system

Microsoft agreed to supply the OS for IBM''s forthcoming personal computer, shaping the PC software ecosystem.

November 06, 1980
Confinity (later PayPal) founded for handheld cryptography

Confinity, later known as PayPal, was founded to develop cryptographic payments and handheld software.

November 06, 1998
RAND''s JOSS interactive timesharing begins

Cliff Shaw''s JOSS enabled conversational computing on the RAND Johnniac, pioneering interactive program development.

November 07, 1960
W3C publishes CSS Level 1 Recommendation

The World Wide Web Consortium issued CSS1, enabling presentation control separate from HTML structure.

November 07, 1996
Integrated circuit co-inventor Jack Kilby born

Jack Kilby, later a Nobel laureate at Texas Instruments for co-inventing the integrated circuit, was born in Missouri.

November 08, 1923
AT&T announces UNIX System V

AT&T''s UNIX System V standardized features that influenced commercial UNIX distributions.

November 08, 1983
Mozilla Firefox 1.0 released

The Mozilla Foundation launched Firefox 1.0, popularizing standards-based browsing and tabbed interfaces.

November 09, 2004
IBM opens expanded New York headquarters

IBM expanded its presence in New York, reflecting growth of punched-card data processing businesses.

November 09, 1934
Microsoft introduces the Windows graphical environment

Bill Gates announced Microsoft Windows as a GUI shell for MS-DOS, setting the stage for widespread PC GUIs.

November 10, 1983
Apple launches its online Apple Store with WebObjects

Apple introduced the Power Macintosh G3 and announced a new online Apple Store built using NeXT''s WebObjects.

November 10, 1997
Sony launches PlayStation 3 in Japan (Cell processor)

PlayStation 3 debuted in Japan, showcasing the Cell Broadband Engine co-developed with IBM and Toshiba.

November 11, 2006
Kurt Gödel''s incompleteness results influence computability theory

Gödel''s foundational work shaped later limits in computation and formal systems.

November 11, 1932
Tim Berners-Lee advances the WorldWideWeb editor/browser at CERN

Berners-Lee progressed on the combined editor/browser that became WorldWideWeb (later Nexus).

November 12, 1990
Chrome 0.4 update improves stability and features

Google''s official blog detailed an update to early Google Chrome builds, reflecting rapid iteration in browser development.

November 12, 2008
Xerox establishes PARC research center

PARC began groundbreaking research into GUIs, Ethernet, laser printing, and object-oriented programming.

November 13, 1970
Google announces Go programming language (open source release)

Google announced the open-source Go programming language, designed for simplicity, concurrency, and efficiency.

November 13, 2009
Google completes acquisition of YouTube

Google''s purchase of YouTube accelerated web video infrastructure and content delivery.

November 14, 2006
Microsoft releases Windows XP 64-Bit Edition for Itanium (update)

Microsoft provided updates for its 64-bit Windows XP editions supporting Itanium, advancing 64-bit computing on PCs.

November 14, 2001
Intel publicly announces the 4004 microprocessor

Intel announced the 4004 4-bit microprocessor, catalyzing single-chip CPU development.

November 15, 1971
Microsoft launches Xbox in North America

Xbox integrated a PC-like architecture and hard drive, influencing multimedia and GPU acceleration in consumer systems.

November 15, 2001
Gene Amdahl born, architect of IBM System/360

Gene Amdahl later became chief architect of IBM''s System/360 and founded Amdahl Corporation.

November 16, 1922
CCITT approves X.25 packet-switching standard

The X.25 standard enabled early public data networks and international packet-switched services.

November 16, 1973
U.S. Patent granted for Engelbart''''s X-Y position indicator (''''computer mouse'''')

Douglas Engelbart''''s patent US 3,541,541 for an X-Y position indicator-the computer mouse-was granted on November 17, 1970.

November 17, 1970
Herman Hollerith dies, pioneer of electromechanical data processing

Herman Hollerith, inventor of the punched-card tabulating machine that made use of electricity and revolutionized data processing, died of a heart attack at age 69 in Washington, D.C. The Hollerith Tabulating Machine Company led to the founding of IBM.
At The Computer Church you can see Hollerith's work desk & chairs from his home along with his traveling trunk and even his gardening hat (he loved gardening)!.

November 17, 1929
Nintendo GameCube launches in North America

Nintendo''''s GameCube console launched in North America, advancing optical media and GPU-driven 3D graphics in consumer systems.

November 18, 2001
Bill Gates begins programming at Lakeside School (early access to computing)

At Lakeside School in Seattle, Bill Gates and classmates organized time-sharing access and formed Lakeside Programmers Group.

November 18, 1970
Amazon announces Kindle e-reader

Amazon introduced the Kindle, integrating an E Ink display and wireless downloading to popularize e-books.

November 19, 2007
Apollo 12 lunar landing achieves precision near Surveyor 3

Apollo 12''''s Lunar Module Intrepid landed in Oceanus Procellarum, demonstrating precision landing and enabling inspection of Surveyor 3.

November 19, 1969
Microsoft ships Windows 1.0 retail version

Microsoft shipped the first retail version of Windows, a graphical environment extending MS-DOS.

November 20, 1985
ISS construction begins with launch of Zarya module

The Russian-built Zarya functional cargo block launched from Baikonur, starting on-orbit assembly of the International Space Station.

November 20, 1998
First permanent ARPANET link put into service (UCLA - SRI)

The first permanent ARPANET connection between UCLA and SRI came online, preceding the initial four-node network in December 1969.

November 21, 1969
Mozilla announces Firefox Developer Edition

Mozilla introduced a developer-focused build of Firefox with built-in tools and responsive design modes.

November 21, 2014
Toy Story premieres-the first feature-length film animated entirely by computer

Pixar''''s Toy Story opened in theaters, showcasing large-scale CGI rendering workflows and tools that influenced visual computing.

November 22, 1995
Microsoft launches Xbox 360 in North America

Xbox 360 debuted with a multi-core CPU and advanced GPU, accelerating HD-era game development and media features.

November 22, 2005
World of Warcraft launches in North America

Blizzard Entertainment released World of Warcraft, which became a landmark in massively multiplayer online game design and infrastructure.

November 23, 2004
Sega Dreamcast launches in Japan

Sega launched the Dreamcast in Japan, introducing a built-in modem for online play and pioneering features in home consoles.

November 23, 1998
Deep Space 1 ion propulsion comes to life

NASA reports the Deep Space 1 ion engine successfully began thrusting on Nov 24, 1998, a milestone for solar electric propulsion in deep space missions.

November 24, 1998
Microsoft leads industry effort toward open ''buddy list'' presence protocol

Microsoft announced support from 40+ vendors to develop an open protocol standardizing presence for Internet ''buddy lists,'' signaling early IM interoperability goals.

November 24, 1997
Orion enters distant lunar orbit during Artemis I

NASA confirmed Orion entered a distant lunar orbit at 4:52 p.m. EST on Nov 25, 2022, to test systems in deep space ahead of future crewed missions.

November 25, 2022
Google suggests a ''Froogle Friday'' for Black Friday shoppers

Google''''s official blog promoted using its Froogle shopping search on Nov 25, 2004-an early example of e-commerce search guidance during the holiday rush.

November 25, 2004
Microsoft and AT&T highlight 5G + cloud edge innovations

Microsoft and AT&T outlined efforts to enable 5G, cloud and edge computing solutions, demonstrating enterprise use-cases for next-gen connectivity.

November 26, 2019
Apple launches app development program to support women entrepreneurs

Apple announced a new program to help women entrepreneurs advance app development skills and businesses, expanding access to technical resources.

November 26, 2018
Mars 2 becomes first human-made object to reach the Martian surface (impact)

The USSR''''s Mars 2 mission arrived on Nov 27, 1971; its lander impacted after a steep entry-the first human-made object on Mars-while the orbiter operated successfully.

November 27, 1971
First extended-duration firing test of Saturn-era J-2 engine

NASA marked the first extended-duration firing test of the liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen J-2 engine on Nov 27, 1963, key to Saturn V''''s S-II and S-IVB stages.

November 27, 1963
Mariner 4 launches-first mission to return close-up Mars images

NASA''''s Mariner 4 launched on Nov 28, 1964, later returning the first close-up images of another planet and pioneering deep space telemetry and imaging pipelines.

November 28, 1964
PlayStation Plus December preview posted ahead of PS4''''s EU launch cycle

Sony''''s official PlayStation Blog published the PS Plus December preview on Nov 28, 2013, outlining titles and benefits during the PS4 launch period.

November 28, 2013
PlayStation 4 launches across Europe and Latin America

Sony confirmed PS4''''s Nov 29, 2013 launch across Europe and Latin America, expanding the platform''''s global rollout two weeks after North America.

November 29, 2013
Atari announces Pong arcade game

Atari''''s Pong-one of the earliest commercially successful video games-was announced Nov 29, 1972, catalyzing the coin-op video game industry.

November 29, 1972
IBM introduces quantum-safe cryptography services on IBM Cloud

IBM announced cloud services advancing quantum-safe cryptography and Hyper Protect Crypto Services to help protect data in hybrid cloud environments.

November 30, 2020
NORAD teams with Google to track Santa via Maps and Earth

Google''''s official blog detailed a partnership with NORAD on Nov 30, 2007, using Google Maps, Google Earth and YouTube to track Santa-an early large-scale consumer geospatial experience.

November 30, 2007